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Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease
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Treating type 2 diabetes: incretin mimetics and enhancers

Katherine E. Nori Janosz

William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak, Michigan, USA

Kerstyn C. Zalesin

William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak, Michigan, USA

Wendy M. Miller

William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak, Michigan, USA

Peter A. McCullough

4949 Coolidge Highway Royal Oak Michigan 48073 USA knori{at}beaumont.edu

As a consequence of excess abdominal adiposity and genetic predisposition, type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease, often diagnosed after metabolic dysfunction has taken hold of multiple organ systems. Insulin deficiency, insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis resulting from beta-cell dysfunction characterize the disease. Current treatment goals are often unmet due to insufficient treatment modalities. Even when combined, these treatment modalities are frequently limited by safety, tolerability, weight gain, edema and gastrointestinal intolerance. Recently, new therapeutic classes have become available for treatment. This review will examine the new therapeutic classes of incretin mimetics and enhancers in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Key Words: type 2 diabetes mellitus • incretins • incretin mimetics • incretin enhancers • dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors • gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) • glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) • treatment of diabetes • resolution of diabetes • weight loss • cardiovascular risk reduction

Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease, Vol. 3, No. 5, 387-395 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1753944709341377
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