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Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease
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*Metabolic Syndrome
*Obesity
*Obesity in Children
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Review: Obesity and cardiometabolic syndrome in children

Pedro Velasquez-Mieyer

Dept. of Pediatrics LeBonheur Children's Medical Center 50 North Dunlap Memphis, TN 38103 pvelasquez{at}utmem.edu

Claudia P. Neira

UT-LifeDOC, Memphis, TN 38103, USA

Ramfis Nieto

Department of Physiology, Universidad Centro-Occidental "Lisandro Alvarado" (UCLA). Barquisimeto, Venezuela

Patricia A. Cowan

Department of Nursing, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA

The cardiometabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among overweight youth. The risk of developing the cardiometabolic syndrome is likely triggered or exacerbated by concurrent obesity, unhealthy lifestyle/eating habits, and hormonal changes (puberty). Current screening recommendations include measurement of blood pressure, fasting insulin and glucose, and total cholesterol. However, limiting assessments to these measures underestimates cardiometabolic risk in overweight youth, particularly minorities. Early identification of cardiometabolic risk in its incipient stages may justify early and more aggressive intervention to prevent progression and complications. This review provides rationale for additional assessments to determine cardiometabolic risk in overweight youth and recommends treatment options.

Key Words: metabolic syndrome • children and adolescents • obesity • insulin resistance • lipid • inflammation • blood pressure • carotid intima-media thickness • left ventricular mass • cardiometabolic risk.

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Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease, Vol. 1, No. 1, 61-81 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1753944707082800
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